Adolph berrenberg



A. BERRENBERG.

(No Model.)

PISTON PACKING.

Patented Aug. 30, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADOLPH BERRENBERG, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO LOUIS POST, OF SAME PLACE.

PISTON-PACKING.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofLetters Patent No. 369,093, dated August 30, 1887.

(No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ADOLPE BERRENBERG, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Piston-Heads for Piston-Cylinders, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to piston-heads, and it is more particularly intended for the production ofavacuum by and from its movement through a piston-cylinder suitably adapted therefor.

The object of this invention is to secure and to always maintain a close and an airtight joint between the edge or periphery of the piston-head and the surface of the cylinder with which said edge moves in contact in the operation of the piston-head; andto that end this invention consists of a pistonhead having its said working and contact periphery constructed of radially or otherwise suitably divided or split rings arranged one inside of the other, and to break joints, and otherwise to be capable of being outwardly expanded, without leakage at its joints, or otherwise suitably constructed to be outwardly expanded, and provided with an inclosed chamber, back and inside of said rings, to be or periphery of the piston-head, and in a direction to force it radially outward, and thus to secure and maintain at all times a close and an air-tight contact between said working edge or periphery and the inner surface of the piston-cylinder in which it operates, and all otherwise, substantially as hereinafter described.

In the drawings forming partof this specification, Figure l is in part a side view and in part a central longitudinal section of the improved piston-head of this invention; and

0 Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line 2 2, Fig. 1.

{width equal to the combined width of both In the drawings, A represents a circular plate of a diameter to closely fit the internal diameter of the piston cylinder in which the piston-head of this invention, and of which piston-head said plate forms a part, is to be ;used. This plate A has a central cylindrical projection, B, at one side thereof, and prefer ably in one piece therewith. This projection B, near its outer end, 0, has another plate, D, of annular form and of the same external diameter as the plate A. This annular platcD closely fits around and upon said projection B, and it is held and secured by a screw-nut, E, screwed upon the projection outside of the annular plate and brought to a tight bearing against said plate.

F is the working edge or periphery of the piston head, and is embraced between the two plates A and D, before referred to. This working-edge F, as particularly shown, is con j structed of rings G and H, inner and outer.

The outer ring, H, is in two rings of equal width placed edgewise the one upon the other,

and the inner ring, G, is a single ring of a rings making the outer ring, H, and of a diameter to fit within and make close joint with :the outer ring, H; and both inner and outer rings are placed between the two plates A and D, and at their opposite edges J they make close bearing with the flat face a of semicircular india-rubber or other elastic rings K, each seated by its semicircular portion bin corresponding semicircular recesses or grooves of each of the plates A D, and so that the outer ring at its outer periphery shall be the working-face or periphery proper of the pistonsides and at all points inside of and back of the split outer and inner rings, H G, above described, and this chamber is filled with a I00 liquid, M, (shown by horizontal dotted lines,) linseed-oil being found aliquid which is suitable.

N is a plungerrod passing through a hole in the thickness of the annular plate D, and O is a stuffingboX arranged at such hole and through which said rod passes, and which socures the rod against leak age about and around it of the liquid contents of the chamber L.

P is a spiral spring arranged to press at one end against the outer end of the plunger N, and to be confined thereto by an adjustable screw, Q, entered through a suitable support, ll-therefor, carried by the plate D, and bearlng against the other and' outer end, S, ofsaid sprin By this means, with the plunger entered into the liquid contents of the chamber L, and with the pressure of the spring thereon properly adjusted, said plunger will secure an automatic displacement of the liquid contents of the chamber of the piston-head, and thereby cause and produce an automatic outward expansion of the split or expansible rings making up the working edge or periphery F of the piston-head at all times,and such as is suilicient to mai ntain said edge in close and an air-tight contact with the inner periphery of the piston-cylinder, and thereby, as is ob vious, enable a vacuum to be secured and maintained in said cylinder back ofthc plate A of said head, all other things being equal and suitable therefor, and which form no part of this invention, but may be any that is proper and suitable.

The confining of the expansible rings G H at their opposite edges J between indiarubber bearings, as described, or otherwise in any suitable manner with an elastic pressure, while securing an air-tight and close joint between said edges and the plates A D at all times, still allows the rings to expand, as stated.

As particularly shown, the piston-rod T is connected by aball-and-socket joint, U, to the outer end of the central projection, 13, of the plate A; but it may be connected rigidly, or by a pivot-joint, or in any other wcll-known or suitable manner.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. In a piston-head, a working edge or periphery, F, constructed of parts to be outwardly expansible, in combination with an inclosed chamber inside of and within said edge, filled with liquid, and a plunger constructed and arranged to be entered into said chamber and its liquid contents, and thereby to displace the latter, substantially as described, i'or the purpose specified.

2. In a piston-head, a working edge or periphery, F, outwardly expansible, in combination with an inclosed chamber inside of and within said edge,filled with liquid, and a plunger constructed and arranged to be entered into said chamber and its liquid contents, and thereby to displace the latter, and otherwise to automatically operate, substantially as described, fer the purpose specified.

3. In a pistonhead, two opposite plates, A D, attached the one to the other, outerand inner expansible rings, H G, confined edgewise between said plates, an inclosed chamber, L, inside of and within said expansible rings, and a plunger, N, constructed and arranged to be entered into said chamber and its liquid contents, and thereby to displace the latter, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

4 In a piston-head, opposite plates A D, attached the one to the other, outer and inner eXpansible rings, H G, confined edgewise between elastic bearings K of said plates, an inclosed chamber, L, inside of and within said expansible rings, and a plunger,N,eonstructed and arranged to be entered into said chamber and its liquid contents, and thereby to displace the latter, substantially as described, For the purpose specified.

In a piston-head, two opposite plates, A I), attached the one to the other, outer and inner expansible rings, H G, confined edgewise between said plates, an inclosed chamber, L, inside of and within said expansible rings, and a plunger, N, constructed and arranged to be entered into said chamber and its liquid contents, and thereby to displace the latter, and otherwise to automatically operate, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I have this day set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLPH BERRENBERG.

\Vitnesses:

ALBERT XV. BRowN, Falmons M. BROWN. 

